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Latest Articles

  • Identification of a Chromosomal Integrated DNA Fragment Containing the <em>rmpA2</em> and <em>iucABCDiutA</em> Virulence Genes in <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Klebsiella pneumoniae</span>
    Research Article | Clinical Science and Epidemiology
    Identification of a Chromosomal Integrated DNA Fragment Containing the rmpA2 and iucABCDiutA Virulence Genes in Klebsiella pneumoniae

    This study reported for the first time and characterized in detail the genetic features of a mobile virulence-encoding fragment located in the chromosome of a clinical virulent K. pneumoniae strain and revealed the occurrence of a transposition event mediated by IS26. This genetic structure could mediate the transposition of the virulence-encoding fragment...

    Xuemei Yang, Lianwei Ye, Yi Li, Edward Wai-Chi Chan, Rong Zhang, Sheng Chen
    23 Dec 2020
  • Environmental Consortium Containing <em>Pseudomonas</em> and <em>Bacillus</em> Species Synergistically Degrades Polyethylene Terephthalate Plastic
    Editor's Pick Research Article | Applied and Environmental Science
    Environmental Consortium Containing Pseudomonas and Bacillus Species Synergistically Degrades Polyethylene Terephthalate Plastic

    While several research groups are utilizing purified enzymes to break down postconsumer PET to the monomers TPA and ethylene glycol to produce new PET products, here, we present a group of five soil bacteria in culture that are able to partially degrade this polymer. To date, mixed Pseudomonas spp. and Bacillus spp. biodegradation of PET has not been described, and this work highlights the possibility of using...

    Cameron Roberts, Sabrina Edwards, Morgan Vague, Rosa León-Zayas, Henry Scheffer, Gayle Chan, Natasja A. Swartz, Jay L. Mellies
    23 Dec 2020
  • Crucial Role of ppGpp in the Resilience of <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Escherichia coli</span> to Growth Disruption
    Research Article | Molecular Biology and Physiology
    Crucial Role of ppGpp in the Resilience of Escherichia coli to Growth Disruption

    The capacity of microbes to resist and overcome environmental insults, known as resilience, allows them to survive in changing environments but also to resist antibiotic and biocide treatments and immune system responses. Although the role of the stringent response in bacterial resilience to nutritional stresses has been well studied, little is known about its importance in the ability of the bacteria to not just resist but also recover...

    Clément Patacq, Nicolas Chaudet, Fabien Létisse
    23 Dec 2020
  • CRISPR/Cas9-Based Knockout of GNAQ Reveals Differences in Host Cell Signaling Necessary for Egress of Apicomplexan Parasites
    Observation | Host-Microbe Biology
    CRISPR/Cas9-Based Knockout of GNAQ Reveals Differences in Host Cell Signaling Necessary for Egress of Apicomplexan Parasites

    The coordinated release of apicomplexan parasites from infected host cells prior to reinvasion is a critical process for parasite survival and the spread of infection. While Toxoplasma tachyzoites and Plasmodium blood stages induce a fast disruption of their surrounding membranes during their egress from host cells, Plasmodium liver stages keep the host cell membrane intact and leave their host cell in host...

    Paul-Christian Burda, Hugo Bisio, Jean-Baptiste Marq, Dominique Soldati-Favre, Volker T. Heussler
    23 Dec 2020
  • Analysis of Serial Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis Strains Causing Treatment Failure and Within-Host Evolution by Whole-Genome Sequencing
    Research Article | Molecular Biology and Physiology
    Analysis of Serial Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis Strains Causing Treatment Failure and Within-Host Evolution by Whole-Genome Sequencing

    Few studies have focused on the reasons for the low cure rate of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in China and within-host evolution during treatment, which is of great significance for improving clinical treatment regimens. Acquired resistance events were common during the ineffective treatment, among which resistance to amikacin and high-level moxifloxacin were the most common.

    Xinchang Chen, Guiqing He, Siran Lin, Shiyong Wang, Feng Sun, Jiazhen Chen, Wenhong Zhang
    23 Dec 2020
  • Distinct Immunoglobulin Fc Glycosylation Patterns Are Associated with Disease Nonprogression and Broadly Neutralizing Antibody Responses in Children with HIV Infection
    Research Article | Clinical Science and Epidemiology
    Distinct Immunoglobulin Fc Glycosylation Patterns Are Associated with Disease Nonprogression and Broadly Neutralizing Antibody Responses in Children with HIV Infection

    To protect future generations against HIV, a vaccine will need to induce immunity by the time of sexual debut and hence requires immunization during childhood. Current strategies for a prophylactic HIV vaccine include the induction of a broadly neutralizing antibody response and the recruitment of potent effector functions of immune cells via the constant antibody Fc region.

    M. Muenchhoff, A. W. Chung, J. Roider, Anne-Sophie Dugast, Simone Richardson, Henrik Kløverpris, Alasdair Leslie, Thumbi Ndung’u, Penny Moore, Galit Alter, Philip J. R. Goulder
    23 Dec 2020
  • A Novel High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound-Treated Herpes Simplex Virus 2 Vaccine Induces Long-Term Protective Immunity against Lethal Challenge in Mice
    Research Article | Therapeutics and Prevention
    A Novel High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound-Treated Herpes Simplex Virus 2 Vaccine Induces Long-Term Protective Immunity against Lethal Challenge in Mice

    High-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) is mainly used in tumor ablation and tumor vaccinology study. It has been shown to induce immune sensitization and enhance tumor responsiveness to other therapies.

    Juhua Xiao, Xin Zhou, Ye Luo, Shuang Wang, Zhili Yang, Yingchun Yi, Hui Xiong
    23 Dec 2020
  • The Polyphosphate Kinase of <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Escherichia coli</span> Is Required for Full Production of the Genotoxin Colibactin
    Research Article | Molecular Biology and Physiology
    The Polyphosphate Kinase of Escherichia coli Is Required for Full Production of the Genotoxin Colibactin

    Colibactin-producing E. coli induces DNA damage in eukaryotic cells and promotes tumor formation in mouse models of intestinal inflammation. Recent studies have provided strong evidence supporting the causative role of colibactin in human colorectal cancer (CRC) progression.

    Min Tang-Fichaux, Camille V. Chagneau, Nadège Bossuet-Greif, Jean-Philippe Nougayrède, Éric Oswald, Priscilla Branchu
    16 Dec 2020
  • Suppressor Mutations in Type II Secretion Mutants of <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Vibrio cholerae</span>: Inactivation of the VesC Protease
    Research Article | Molecular Biology and Physiology
    Suppressor Mutations in Type II Secretion Mutants of Vibrio cholerae: Inactivation of the VesC Protease

    Genome-wide transposon mutagenesis has identified the genes encoding the T2SS in Vibrio cholerae as essential for viability, but the reason for this is unclear. Mutants with deletions or insertions in these genes can be isolated, suggesting that they have acquired secondary mutations that suppress their growth defect.

    Chelsea S. Rule, Young-Jun Park, Jaclyn R. Delarosa, Stewart Turley, Wim G. J. Hol, Sarah McColm, Colby Gura, Frank DiMaio, Konstantin V. Korotkov, Maria Sandkvist
    16 Dec 2020
  • Corrected and Republished from: A Nonfunctional Opsonic Antibody Response Frequently Occurs after Pneumococcal Pneumonia and Is Associated with Invasive Disease
    Research Article | Host-Microbe Biology
    Corrected and Republished from: A Nonfunctional Opsonic Antibody Response Frequently Occurs after Pneumococcal Pneumonia and Is Associated with Invasive Disease

    Numerous reports on the dynamics of antipneumococcal immunity in relation to immunization with pneumococcal vaccines and on the prevalence of naturally acquired immunity in various populations have been published. In contrast, studies on the dynamics of the humoral immune response triggered by pneumococcal infection are scarce.

    Fabian Uddén, Jonas Ahl, Nils Littorin, Kristoffer Strålin, Simon Athlin, Kristian Riesbeck
    16 Dec 2020

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