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    • mSphere of Influence: Commentaries from Early Career Microbiologists
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  • Topics
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Latest Articles

  • Anterior Nares Diversity and Pathobionts Represent Sinus Microbiome in Chronic Rhinosinusitis
    Research Article | Host-Microbe Biology
    Anterior Nares Diversity and Pathobionts Represent Sinus Microbiome in Chronic Rhinosinusitis

    There is a clear need to better understand the pathology and specific microbiome features in chronic rhinosinusitis patients, but little is known about the bacterial topography and continuity between the different niches of the upper respiratory tract. Our work showed that the anterior nares could be an important reservoir for potential sinus pathobionts. This has implications for the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of CRS. In...

    Ilke De Boeck, Stijn Wittouck, Katleen Martens, Jos Claes, Mark Jorissen, Brecht Steelant, Marianne F. L. van den Broek, Sven F. Seys, Peter W. Hellings, Olivier M. Vanderveken, Sarah Lebeer
    27 Nov 2019
  • Multilaboratory Comparison of Pneumococcal Multiplex Immunoassays Used in Immunosurveillance of <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Streptococcus pneumoniae</span> across Europe
    Research Article | Clinical Science and Epidemiology
    Multilaboratory Comparison of Pneumococcal Multiplex Immunoassays Used in Immunosurveillance of Streptococcus pneumoniae across Europe

    Serology of Streptococcus pneumoniae is challenging due to existence of multiple clinically relevant serotypes and the introduction of multivalent vaccines in national immunization programs. Multiplex immunoassays (MIAs) are applied as high-throughput cost-effective methods for serosurveillance, and yet laboratories use their own protocols. The aims of this study were...

    Bob Meek, Nina Ekström, Bjørn Kantsø, Rachael Almond, Jamie Findlow, Jenna F. Gritzfeld, Charlotte Sværke Jørgensen, Karl Ljungberg, Fredrik Atterfelt, Manou R. Batstra, Kevin Andeweg, Ben A. W. de Jong, Harry E. Prince, Mary Lapé-Nixon, Pieter G. M. Gageldonk, Irina Tcherniaeva, Ingeborg Aaberge, Tove Karin Herstad, Merit Melin, Ger T. Rijkers, Guy A. Berbers
    and on behalf of the EU Pneumo Multiplex Assay Consortium
    27 Nov 2019
  • Regulatory Mechanism of the Atypical AP-1-Like Transcription Factor Yap1 in <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Cryptococcus neoformans</span>
    Research Article | Molecular Biology and Physiology
    Regulatory Mechanism of the Atypical AP-1-Like Transcription Factor Yap1 in Cryptococcus neoformans

    The human meningitis fungal pathogen, Cryptococcus neoformans, contains the atypical yeast AP-1-like protein Yap1. Yap1 lacks an N-terminal cysteine-rich domain (n-CRD), which is present in other fungal Yap1 orthologs, but has a C-terminal cysteine-rich domain (c-CRD). However, the role of c-CRD and its regulatory mechanism remain unknown. Here, we report that Yap1 is...

    Yee-Seul So, Shinae Maeng, Dong-Hoon Yang, Hyelim Kim, Kyung-Tae Lee, Seong-Ryong Yu, Jennifer L. Tenor, Vinay K. Giri, Dena L. Toffaletti, Samantha Arras, James A. Fraser, John R. Perfect, Yong-Sun Bahn
    20 Nov 2019
  • Emergence and Comparative Genomics Analysis of Extended-Spectrum-β-Lactamase-Producing <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Escherichia coli</span> Carrying <em>mcr-1</em> in Fennec Fox Imported from Sudan to China
    Observation | Applied and Environmental Science
    Emergence and Comparative Genomics Analysis of Extended-Spectrum-β-Lactamase-Producing Escherichia coli Carrying mcr-1 in Fennec Fox Imported from Sudan to China

    The extended-spectrum-β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing members of the Enterobacteriaceae family are a global concern for both animal and human health. There is some information indicating a high prevalence of ESBL producers in food animals. Moreover, there have been an increasing number of reports on ESBL-producing strains resistant to the last-resort antibiotic colistin with the global dissemination of the plasmid-mediated mcr...

    Chunyan Feng, Peipei Wen, Hao Xu, Xiaohui Chi, Shuang Li, Xiao Yu, Xiangmei Lin, Shaoqiang Wu, Beiwen Zheng
    20 Nov 2019
  • The Proton Pump Inhibitor Omeprazole Does Not Promote <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Clostridioides difficile</span> Colonization in a Murine Model
    Observation | Host-Microbe Biology
    The Proton Pump Inhibitor Omeprazole Does Not Promote Clostridioides difficile Colonization in a Murine Model

    Antibiotics are the primary risk factor for Clostridioides difficile infections (CDIs), but other factors may also increase a person’s risk. In epidemiological studies, proton pump inhibitor (PPI) use has been associated with CDI incidence and recurrence. PPIs have also been associated with alterations in the human intestinal microbiota in observational and...

    Sarah Tomkovich, Nicholas A. Lesniak, Yuan Li, Lucas Bishop, Madison J. Fitzgerald, Patrick D. Schloss
    20 Nov 2019
  • <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Candida albicans</span> Impacts <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-2">Staphylococcus aureus</span> Alpha-Toxin Production via Extracellular Alkalinization
    Research Article | Host-Microbe Biology
    Candida albicans Impacts Staphylococcus aureus Alpha-Toxin Production via Extracellular Alkalinization

    Candida albicans and Staphylococcus aureus are commonly coisolated from central venous catheters and deep-seated infections, including intra-abdominal sepsis. Thus, they represent a significant cause of nosocomial morbidity and mortality. Yet how these organisms behave in the context of...

    Olivia A. Todd, Mairi C. Noverr, Brian M. Peters
    13 Nov 2019
  • <em>Shigella flexneri</em> Adherence Factor Expression in <em>In Vivo</em>-Like Conditions
    Research Article | Host-Microbe Biology
    Shigella flexneri Adherence Factor Expression in In Vivo-Like Conditions

    Bacterial pathogens have evolved to regulate virulence gene expression at critical points in the colonization and infection processes to successfully cause disease. The Shigella species infect the epithelial cells lining the colon to result in millions of cases of diarrhea and a significant global health burden. As antibiotic resistance rates increase, understanding the mechanisms of infection is vital to ensure successful...

    Rachael B. Chanin, Kourtney P. Nickerson, Alejandro Llanos-Chea, Jeticia R. Sistrunk, David A. Rasko, Deepak Kumar Vijaya Kumar, John de la Parra, Jared R. Auclair, Jessica Ding, Kelvin Li, Snaha Krishna Dogiparthi, Benjamin J. D. Kusber, Christina S. Faherty
    13 Nov 2019
  • Loss of <em>O</em>-Linked Protein Glycosylation in <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Burkholderia cenocepacia</span> Impairs Biofilm Formation and Siderophore Activity and Alters Transcriptional Regulators
    Research Article | Molecular Biology and Physiology
    Loss of O-Linked Protein Glycosylation in Burkholderia cenocepacia Impairs Biofilm Formation and Siderophore Activity and Alters Transcriptional Regulators

    Protein glycosylation is increasingly recognized as a common posttranslational protein modification in bacterial species. Despite this commonality, our understanding of the role of most glycosylation systems in bacterial physiology and pathogenesis is incomplete. In this work, we investigated the effect of the disruption of O-linked glycosylation in the opportunistic pathogen...

    Cameron C. Oppy, Leila Jebeli, Miku Kuba, Clare V. Oates, Richard Strugnell, Laura E. Edgington-Mitchell, Miguel A. Valvano, Elizabeth L. Hartland, Hayley J. Newton, Nichollas E. Scott
    13 Nov 2019
  • LeishIF4E1 Deletion Affects the Promastigote Proteome, Morphology, and Infectivity
    Research Article | Molecular Biology and Physiology
    LeishIF4E1 Deletion Affects the Promastigote Proteome, Morphology, and Infectivity

    Leishmania parasites are the causative agents of a broad spectrum of diseases. The parasites migrate between sand-fly vectors and mammalian hosts, adapting to changing environments by driving a regulated program of gene expression, with translation regulation playing a key role. The leishmanias encode six different paralogs of eIF4E, the cap-binding translation initiation factor. Since these vary in function, expression profile...

    Nitin Tupperwar, Rohit Shrivastava, Michal Shapira
    13 Nov 2019
  • Kinesin-5 Is Dispensable for Bipolar Spindle Formation and Elongation in <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Candida albicans</span>, but Simultaneous Loss of Kinesin-14 Activity Is Lethal
    Research Article | Molecular Biology and Physiology
    Kinesin-5 Is Dispensable for Bipolar Spindle Formation and Elongation in Candida albicans, but Simultaneous Loss of Kinesin-14 Activity Is Lethal

    Candida albicans is one of the most prevalent fungal pathogens of humans and can infect a broad range of niches within its host. This organism frequently acquires resistance to antifungal agents through rapid generation of genetic diversity, with aneuploidy serving as a particularly important adaptive mechanism. This paper describes an investigation of the sole...

    Irsa Shoukat, Corey Frazer, John S. Allingham
    13 Nov 2019

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