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  • Articles
    • Latest Articles
    • COVID-19 Research and News from ASM Journals
    • mSphere of Influence: Commentaries from Early Career Microbiologists
    • Archive
  • Topics
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    • Clinical Science and Epidemiology
    • Ecological and Evolutionary Science
    • Host-Microbe Biology
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toxins

  • Open Access
    Tetanus Toxin <em>cis</em>-Loop Contributes to Light-Chain Translocation
    Research Article | Host-Microbe Biology
    Tetanus Toxin cis-Loop Contributes to Light-Chain Translocation

    How protein toxins translocate their catalytic domain across a cell membrane is the least understood step in toxin action. This study utilized a reporter, β-lactamase, that was genetically fused to full-length, nontoxic tetanus toxin (βlac-TT) in discovery-based live-cell assays to study LC translocation. Directed mutagenesis identified a role for K768 in LC translocation. K768 was located between α15 and α16 (...

    Madison Zuverink, Matthew Bluma, Joseph T. Barbieri
  • Open Access
    Questionable Efficacy of Therapeutic Antibodies in the Treatment of Anthrax
    Opinion/Hypothesis | Therapeutics and Prevention
    Questionable Efficacy of Therapeutic Antibodies in the Treatment of Anthrax

    Inhalational anthrax caused by Bacillus anthracis, a spore-forming Gram-positive bacterium, is a highly lethal infection. Antibodies targeting the protective antigen (PA) binding component of the toxins have recently been authorized as an adjunct to antibiotics, although no conclusive evidence demonstrates that anthrax antitoxin therapy has any significant benefit. We...

    Jean-Nicolas Tournier, Clémence Rougeaux, Fabrice V. Biot, Pierre L. Goossens
  • Open Access
    TRAIL (CD253) Sensitizes Human Airway Epithelial Cells to Toxin-Induced Cell Death
    Research Article | Therapeutics and Prevention
    TRAIL (CD253) Sensitizes Human Airway Epithelial Cells to Toxin-Induced Cell Death

    Ricin toxin is a biothreat agent that is particularly damaging to lung tissue following inhalation. A hallmark of ricin exposure is widespread inflammation and concomitant destruction of the airway epithelium. In this study, we investigated the possible interaction between ricin and known proinflammatory cytokines associated with lung tissue. Using an established human airway epithelial cell line, we demonstrate that epithelial cell...

    Yinghui Rong, Jennifer Westfall, Dylan Ehrbar, Timothy LaRocca, Nicholas J. Mantis
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