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host-pathogen interaction

  • Open Access
    Genomic Epidemiology and Evolution of <em>Escherichia coli</em> in Wild Animals in Mexico
    Research Article | Host-Microbe Biology
    Genomic Epidemiology and Evolution of Escherichia coli in Wild Animals in Mexico

    Escherichia coli is a clinically important bacterial species implicated in human- and livestock-associated infections worldwide. The bacterium is known to reside in the guts of humans, livestock, and wild animals.

    Robert Murphy, Martin Palm, Ville Mustonen, Jonas Warringer, Anne Farewell, Leopold Parts, Danesh Moradigaravand
  • Open Access
    Phosphorylation of <em>Toxoplasma gondii</em> Secreted Proteins during Acute and Chronic Stages of Infection
    Research Article | Host-Microbe Biology
    Phosphorylation of Toxoplasma gondii Secreted Proteins during Acute and Chronic Stages of Infection

    Toxoplasma gondii is a common parasite that infects up to one-third of the human population. Initially, the parasite grows rapidly, infecting and destroying cells of the host, but subsequently switches to a slow-growing form and establishes chronic infection. In both stages, the parasite lives within a membrane-bound vacuole within the host cell, but in the chronic...

    Joanna C. Young, Malgorzata Broncel, Helena Teague, Matt R. G. Russell, Olivia L. McGovern, Matt Renshaw, David Frith, Ambrosius P. Snijders, Lucy Collinson, Vern B. Carruthers, Sarah E. Ewald, Moritz Treeck
  • Open Access
    An Avirulence Gene Cluster in the Wheat Stripe Rust Pathogen (<span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Puccinia striiformis</span> f. sp. <em>tritici</em>) Identified through Genetic Mapping and Whole-Genome Sequencing of a Sexual Population
    Research Article | Host-Microbe Biology
    An Avirulence Gene Cluster in the Wheat Stripe Rust Pathogen (Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici) Identified through Genetic Mapping and Whole-Genome Sequencing of a Sexual Population

    Stripe rust is a destructive disease of wheat worldwide. Growing resistant cultivars is the most effective, easy-to-use, economical, and environmentally friendly strategy for the control of the disease. However, P. striiformis f. sp. tritici can produce new virulent races that may circumvent race-specific resistance. Therefore, understanding the genetic basis...

    Chongjing Xia, Yu Lei, Meinan Wang, Wanquan Chen, Xianming Chen
  • Open Access
    Type III Secretion Effector VopQ of <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Vibrio parahaemolyticus</span> Modulates Central Carbon Metabolism in Epithelial Cells
    Editor's Pick Research Article | Host-Microbe Biology
    Type III Secretion Effector VopQ of Vibrio parahaemolyticus Modulates Central Carbon Metabolism in Epithelial Cells

    The metabolic response of host cells upon infection is pathogen specific, and infection-induced host metabolic reprogramming may have beneficial effects on the proliferation of pathogens. V. parahaemolyticus contains a range of virulence factors to manipulate host signaling pathways and metabolic processes. In this study, we identified that the T3SS1 VopQ effector...

    Anh Quoc Nguyen, Takaaki Shimohata, Sho Hatayama, Aya Tentaku, Junko Kido, Thi Mai Huong Bui, Takashi Uebanso, Kazuaki Mawatari, Akira Takahashi
  • Open Access
    Airway Mucus Restricts <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Neisseria meningitidis</span> Away from Nasopharyngeal Epithelial Cells and Protects the Mucosa from Inflammation
    Editor's Pick Research Article | Host-Microbe Biology
    Airway Mucus Restricts Neisseria meningitidis Away from Nasopharyngeal Epithelial Cells and Protects the Mucosa from Inflammation

    N. meningitidis is transmitted from person to person by aerosol droplets produced by breathing, talking, or coughing or by direct contact with a contaminated fluid. The natural reservoir of N. meningitidis is the human nasopharynx mucosa, located at the back of the nose and above the oropharynx. The...

    Mathilde Audry, Catherine Robbe-Masselot, Jean-Philippe Barnier, Benoit Gachet, Bruno Saubaméa, Alain Schmitt, Sophia Schönherr-Hellec, Renaud Léonard, Xavier Nassif, Mathieu Coureuil
  • Open Access
    <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> Biofilm Growth on Cystic Fibrosis Airway Epithelial Cells Is Enhanced during Respiratory Syncytial Virus Coinfection
    Research Article | Host-Microbe Biology
    Staphylococcus aureus Biofilm Growth on Cystic Fibrosis Airway Epithelial Cells Is Enhanced during Respiratory Syncytial Virus Coinfection

    The airways of individuals with cystic fibrosis (CF) are commonly chronically infected, and Staphylococcus aureus is the dominant bacterial respiratory pathogen in CF children. CF patients also experience frequent respiratory virus infections, and it has been hypothesized that virus coinfection increases the severity of...

    Megan R. Kiedrowski, Jordan R. Gaston, Brian R. Kocak, Stefanie L. Coburn, Stella Lee, Joseph M. Pilewski, Michael M. Myerburg, Jennifer M. Bomberger
  • Open Access
    Novel Immunomodulatory Flagellin-Like Protein FlaC in <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Campylobacter jejuni</span> and Other <em>Campylobacterales</em>
    Research Article | Host-Microbe Biology
    Novel Immunomodulatory Flagellin-Like Protein FlaC in Campylobacter jejuni and Other Campylobacterales

    Flagellins not only are important for bacterial motility but are major bacterial proteins that can modulate host responses via Toll-like receptor 5 (TLR5) or other pattern recognition receptors. Campylobacterales colonizing the intestinal tracts of different host species harbor a gene coding for an unusual flagellin, FlaC, that is not involved in motility but is secreted and possesses a chimeric amino acid sequence composed of...

    Eugenia Faber, Eugenia Gripp, Sven Maurischat, Bernd Kaspers, Karsten Tedin, Sarah Menz, Aleksandra Zuraw, Olivia Kershaw, Ines Yang, Silke Rautenschlein, Christine Josenhans
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