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    • mSphere of Influence: Commentaries from Early Career Microbiologists
    • Archive
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genomics

  • Open Access
    Functionally Related Genes Cluster into Genomic Regions That Coordinate Transcription at a Distance in <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Saccharomyces cerevisiae</span>
    Research Article | Molecular Biology and Physiology
    Functionally Related Genes Cluster into Genomic Regions That Coordinate Transcription at a Distance in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

    The two-dimensional, physical positioning of genes along a chromosome can impact proper transcriptional regulation throughout a genomic region. The transcription of neighboring genes is correlated in a genome-wide manner, which is a characteristic of eukaryotes. Many coregulated gene families can be found clustered with another member of the same set—which can result in adjacent gene coregulation of the pair. Due to the myriad gene...

    Alanna Cera, Maria K. Holganza, Ahmad Abu Hardan, Irvin Gamarra, Reem S. Eldabagh, Megan Deschaine, Sarah Elkamhawy, Exequiel M. Sisso, Jonathan J. Foley, James T. Arnone
  • Open Access
    Diversity and Population Overlap between Avian and Human <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Escherichia coli</span> Belonging to Sequence Type 95
    Research Article | Host-Microbe Biology
    Diversity and Population Overlap between Avian and Human Escherichia coli Belonging to Sequence Type 95

    APEC causes a range of infections in poultry, collectively called colibacillosis, and is the leading cause of mortality and is associated with major economic significance in the poultry industry. A growing number of studies have suggested APEC as an external reservoir of human ExPEC, including UPEC, which is a reservoir. ExPEC belonging to ST95 is considered one of the most important pathogens in both poultry and humans. This study is...

    Steffen L. Jørgensen, Marc Stegger, Eglé Kudirkiene, Berit Lilje, Louise L. Poulsen, Troels Ronco, Teresa Pires Dos Santos, Kristoffer Kiil, Magne Bisgaard, Karl Pedersen, Lisa K. Nolan, Lance B. Price, Rikke H. Olsen, Paal S. Andersen, Henrik Christensen
  • Open Access
    The Phylogenomic Diversity of Herbivore-Associated <em>Fibrobacter</em> spp. Is Correlated to Lignocellulose-Degrading Potential
    Research Article | Ecological and Evolutionary Science
    The Phylogenomic Diversity of Herbivore-Associated Fibrobacter spp. Is Correlated to Lignocellulose-Degrading Potential

    The herbivore gut microbiome is incredibly diverse, and a functional understanding of this diversity is needed to more reliably manipulate this community for specific gain, such as increased production in ruminant livestock. Microbial degraders of plant cell wall polysaccharides in the herbivore gut, particularly Fibrobacter spp., are of fundamental importance to their hosts for digestion of a diet consisting primarily of...

    Anthony P. Neumann, Garret Suen
  • Open Access
    Regulation of Yeast-to-Hyphae Transition in <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Yarrowia lipolytica</span>
    Research Article | Applied and Environmental Science
    Regulation of Yeast-to-Hyphae Transition in Yarrowia lipolytica

    Many yeasts undergo a morphological transition from yeast-to-hyphal growth in response to environmental conditions. We used forward and reverse genetic techniques to identify genes regulating this transition in Yarrowia lipolytica. We confirmed that the transcription factor Ylmsn2 is required for the transition to hyphal growth and found that signaling by the...

    Kyle R. Pomraning, Erin L. Bredeweg, Eduard J. Kerkhoven, Kerrie Barry, Sajeet Haridas, Hope Hundley, Kurt LaButti, Anna Lipzen, Mi Yan, Jon K. Magnuson, Blake A. Simmons, Igor V. Grigoriev, Jens Nielsen, Scott E. Baker
  • Open Access
    Improving Our Understanding of <em>Salmonella enterica</em> Serovar Paratyphi B through the Engineering and Testing of a Live Attenuated Vaccine Strain
    Research Article | Therapeutics and Prevention
    Improving Our Understanding of Salmonella enterica Serovar Paratyphi B through the Engineering and Testing of a Live Attenuated Vaccine Strain

    We developed a live attenuated Salmonella enterica serovar Paratyphi B vaccine that conferred protection in mice against challenge with S. Paratyphi B sensu stricto and S. Paratyphi B Java, which are the causes of enteric fever and gastroenteritis, respectively. Currently, the incidence of invasive S. Paratyphi B sensu stricto...

    Ellen E. Higginson, Girish Ramachandran, Tracy H. Hazen, Dane A. Kania, David A. Rasko, Marcela F. Pasetti, Myron M. Levine, Sharon M. Tennant
  • Open Access
    Genome-Wide Association Analyses in the Model Rhizobium <em>Ensifer meliloti</em>
    Research Article | Host-Microbe Biology
    Genome-Wide Association Analyses in the Model Rhizobium Ensifer meliloti

    Genome-wide association analyses are a powerful approach for identifying gene function. These analyses are becoming commonplace in studies of humans, domesticated animals, and crop plants but have rarely been conducted in bacteria. We applied association analyses to 20 traits measured in Ensifer meliloti, an agriculturally and ecologically important bacterium because...

    Brendan Epstein, Reda A. I. Abou-Shanab, Abdelaal Shamseldin, Margaret R. Taylor, Joseph Guhlin, Liana T. Burghardt, Matthew Nelson, Michael J. Sadowsky, Peter Tiffin
  • Open Access
    Mechanism of High-Level Daptomycin Resistance in <em>Corynebacterium striatum</em>
    Research Article | Therapeutics and Prevention
    Mechanism of High-Level Daptomycin Resistance in Corynebacterium striatum

    Antimicrobial resistance threatens the efficacy of antimicrobial treatment options, including last-line-of-defense drugs. Understanding how this resistance develops can help direct antimicrobial stewardship efforts and is critical to designing the next generation of antimicrobial therapies. Here we determine how Corynebacterium striatum, a skin commensal and...

    Nicholas K. Goldner, Christopher Bulow, Kevin Cho, Meghan Wallace, Fong-Fu Hsu, Gary J. Patti, Carey-Ann Burnham, Paul Schlesinger, Gautam Dantas
  • Open Access
    FusoPortal: an Interactive Repository of Hybrid MinION-Sequenced <em>Fusobacterium</em> Genomes Improves Gene Identification and Characterization
    Resource Report | Host-Microbe Biology
    FusoPortal: an Interactive Repository of Hybrid MinION-Sequenced Fusobacterium Genomes Improves Gene Identification and Characterization

    In this report, we describe a hybrid MinION whole-genome sequencing pipeline and the genomic characteristics of the first eight Fusobacterium strains deposited in the FusoPortal database. This collection of highly accurate and complete genomes drastically improves upon previous multicontig assemblies by correcting and newly identifying a significant number of open reading frames. We believe that the availability of this...

    Blake E. Sanders, Ariana Umana, Justin A. Lemkul, Daniel J. Slade
  • Open Access
    Proteins Potentially Involved in Immune Evasion Strategies in <em>Sporothrix brasiliensis</em> Elucidated by Ultra-High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry
    Research Article | Host-Microbe Biology
    Proteins Potentially Involved in Immune Evasion Strategies in Sporothrix brasiliensis Elucidated by Ultra-High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry

    Sporotrichosis is an important disease in Brazil that is caused by fungi of the genus Sporothrix and affects cats and humans. Our work investigated the proteins differentially expressed by S. brasiliensis in order to find out why this species is more virulent and pathogenic than S. schenckii...

    Luana Rossato, Leandro Ferreira Moreno, Azadeh Jamalian, Benjamin Stielow, Sandro Rogério de Almeida, Sybren de Hoog, Joanna Freeke
  • Open Access
    Ultrasensitive Capture of Human Herpes Simplex Virus Genomes Directly from Clinical Samples Reveals Extraordinarily Limited Evolution in Cell Culture
    Research Article | Clinical Science and Epidemiology
    Ultrasensitive Capture of Human Herpes Simplex Virus Genomes Directly from Clinical Samples Reveals Extraordinarily Limited Evolution in Cell Culture

    Herpes simplex viruses affect more than 4 billion people across the globe, constituting a large burden of disease. Understanding the global diversity of herpes simplex viruses is important for diagnostics and therapeutics as well as cure research and tracking transmission among humans. To date, most HSV genomics has been performed on culture isolates and DNA swabs with high quantities of virus. We describe the development of wet-lab and...

    Alexander L. Greninger, Pavitra Roychoudhury, Hong Xie, Amanda Casto, Anne Cent, Gregory Pepper, David M. Koelle, Meei-Li Huang, Anna Wald, Christine Johnston, Keith R. Jerome

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