Epstein-Barr virus
Research Article | Clinical Science and EpidemiologyAssociation between Antibody Responses to Epstein-Barr Virus Glycoproteins, Neutralization of Infectivity, and the Risk of Nasopharyngeal CarcinomaEpstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a human oncogenic gammaherpesvirus that infects over 90% of humans in the world and is causally associated with a spectrum of epithelial and B-cell malignancies such as nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). A prophylactic vaccine against EBV is called for, but no approved vaccine is available yet.
Commentary | Host-Microbe BiologymSphere of Influence: 3-D Culture Models Influence Studies on Epstein-Barr Virus Molecular Pathogenesis in the EpitheliumKathy Shair works in the field of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-associated cancers, with emphasis on nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). In this mSphere of Influence article, she reflects on how the paper “Efficient replication of Epstein-Barr virus in stratified epithelium in vitro” by Temple et al. (R. M. Temple, J. Zhu, L. Budgeon, N. D. Christensen, et al., Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 111:16544–16549, 2014,...
Research Article | Clinical Science and EpidemiologyHERQ-9 Is a New Multiplex PCR for Differentiation and Quantification of All Nine Human HerpesvirusesBy adulthood, almost all humans become infected by at least one herpesvirus (HHV). The maladies inflicted by these microbes extend beyond the initial infection, as they remain inside our cells for life and can reactivate, causing severe diseases. The diagnosis of active infection by these ubiquitous pathogens includes the detection of DNA with sensitive and specific assays. We developed the first quantitative PCR assay (HERQ-9) designed...
Research Article | Host-Microbe BiologyHigh-Throughput Sequence Analysis of Peripheral T-Cell Lymphomas Indicates Subtype-Specific Viral Gene Expression Patterns and Immune Cell MicroenvironmentsIn this study, we utilized next-generation sequencing data from 7 different studies of peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL) patient samples to globally assess viral associations, provide insights into the contributions of EBV gene expression to the tumor phenotype, and assess the unique roles of EBV in modulating the immune cell tumor microenvironment. These studies revealed potential roles for EBV replication genes in some PTCL subtypes,...
Editor's Pick Resource Report | Host-Microbe BiologyAir-Liquid Interface Method To Study Epstein-Barr Virus Pathogenesis in Nasopharyngeal Epithelial CellsLifting adherent cells to the air-liquid interface (ALI) is a method conventionally used to culture airway epithelial cells into polarized apical and basolateral surfaces. Reactivation of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) from monolayer epithelial cultures is sometimes abortive, which may be attributed to the lack of authentic reactivation triggers that occur in stratified epithelium in vivo. In the present work, the ALI culture method...
Research Article | Host-Microbe BiologyEpstein-Barr Virus Induces Adhesion Receptor CD226 (DNAM-1) Expression during Primary B-Cell Transformation into Lymphoblastoid Cell LinesEpstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a common human herpesvirus that establishes latency in B cells. While EBV infection is asymptomatic for most individuals, immune-suppressed individuals are at significantly higher risk of a form of EBV latent infection in which infected B cells are reactivated, grow unchecked, and generate lymphomas. This form of latency is modeled in the laboratory by infecting B cells from the blood of normal human donors...
Research Article | Host-Microbe BiologyLatent Membrane Protein 1 Is a Novel Determinant of Epstein-Barr Virus Genome Persistence and ReactivationLatent membrane protein 1 (LMP1) is a constitutively active oncogenic signaling protein encoded by Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). Despite monoclonal infection in cases of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), it has been difficult to reconcile the heterogeneous LMP1 protein levels detected in tumor cells. The LMP1 protein is a pleiotropic signaling protein with oncogenic potential. Findings from this study are consistent with the hypothesis that...
Commentary | Molecular Biology and PhysiologyLessons Learned from In Vivo Studies of a Viral Noncoding RNA