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    • Latest Articles
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    • mSphere of Influence: Commentaries from Early Career Microbiologists
    • Archive
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development

  • Open Access
    Functional Characterization of Core Regulatory Genes Involved in Sporulation of the Nematophagous Fungus <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Purpureocillium lavendulum</span>
    Research Article | Molecular Biology and Physiology
    Functional Characterization of Core Regulatory Genes Involved in Sporulation of the Nematophagous Fungus Purpureocillium lavendulum

    Plant-parasitic nematodes cause serious damage to crops throughout the world. Purpureocillium lavendulum is a nematophagous fungus which is a natural enemy of nematodes and a potential biocontrol agent against plant-parasitic nematodes. The conidia play an important role during infection of nematodes. In this study, we identified and characterized genes involved in regulating asexual development of P. lavendulum. We...

    Mi Chen, He-Yu Yang, Yan-Ru Cao, Quan-Quan Hui, Hai-Feng Fan, Chen-Chen Zhang, Jing-Jing Han, Zhi-Yi Guo, Jianping Xu, Ke-Qin Zhang, Lian-Ming Liang
  • Open Access
    Transition of Bacterial Diversity and Composition in Tongue Microbiota during the First Two Years of Life
    Research Article | Clinical Science and Epidemiology
    Transition of Bacterial Diversity and Composition in Tongue Microbiota during the First Two Years of Life

    Evaluating the development of oral microbiota during infancy is important for understanding the subsequent colonization of bacterial species and the process of formation of mature microbiota in the oral cavity. We examined tongue microbiota longitudinally collected from 8 infants and found that drastic compositional shifts in tongue microbiota occur before the age of 1 year, and then bacterial diversity and overall bacterial composition...

    Shinya Kageyama, Mikari Asakawa, Toru Takeshita, Yukari Ihara, Shunsuke Kanno, Toshiro Hara, Ichiro Takahashi, Yoshihisa Yamashita
  • Open Access
    A Tripartite, Hierarchical Sigma Factor Cascade Promotes Hormogonium Development in the Filamentous Cyanobacterium <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Nostoc punctiforme</span>
    Research Article | Molecular Biology and Physiology
    A Tripartite, Hierarchical Sigma Factor Cascade Promotes Hormogonium Development in the Filamentous Cyanobacterium Nostoc punctiforme

    Cyanobacteria are integral to global carbon and nitrogen cycles, and their metabolic capacity coupled with their ease of genetic manipulation make them attractive platforms for applications such as biomaterial and biofertilizer production. Achieving these goals will likely require a detailed understanding and precise rewiring of these organisms’ GRNs. The complex phenotypic plasticity of filamentous cyanobacteria has also made them...

    Alfonso Gonzalez, Kelsey W. Riley, Thomas V. Harwood, Esthefani G. Zuniga, Douglas D. Risser
  • Open Access
    Development and Validation of 13-plex Luminex-Based Assay for Measuring Human Serum Antibodies to <em>Streptococcus pneumoniae</em> Capsular Polysaccharides
    Research Article | Clinical Science and Epidemiology
    Development and Validation of 13-plex Luminex-Based Assay for Measuring Human Serum Antibodies to Streptococcus pneumoniae Capsular Polysaccharides

    The pneumococcal enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) measures IgG antibodies in human serum, and it is an important assay that supports licensure of pneumococcal vaccines. The immune correlate of protection, 0.35 µg/ml of IgG antibodies, was determined by the ELISA method. Pfizer has developed a new Luminex-based assay platform to replace the ELISA. These papers describe the important work of (i) validating the Luminex-based assay...

    Danka Pavliakova, Peter C. Giardina, Soraya Moghazeh, Shite Sebastian, Maya Koster, Viliam Pavliak, Andrew McKeen, Roger French, Kathrin U. Jansen, Michael Pride
  • Open Access
    Genes Activated by <em>Vibrio cholerae</em> upon Exposure to <em>Caenorhabditis elegans</em> Reveal the Mannose-Sensitive Hemagglutinin To Be Essential for Colonization
    Research Article | Host-Microbe Biology
    Genes Activated by Vibrio cholerae upon Exposure to Caenorhabditis elegans Reveal the Mannose-Sensitive Hemagglutinin To Be Essential for Colonization

    The waterborne diarrheal disease cholera is caused by the bacterium Vibrio cholerae. The facultative human pathogen persists as a natural inhabitant in the aquatic ecosystem between outbreaks. In contrast to the human host, V. cholerae requires a different set of genes to survive in this hostile...

    Cornelia List, Andreas Grutsch, Claudia Radler, Fatih Cakar, Franz G. Zingl, Kristina Schild-Prüfert, Stefan Schild
  • Open Access
    Opposing Transcriptional Mechanisms Regulate <em>Toxoplasma</em> Development
    Editor's Pick Research Article | Molecular Biology and Physiology
    Opposing Transcriptional Mechanisms Regulate Toxoplasma Development

    Toxoplasma infections are lifelong because of the development of the bradyzoite tissue cyst, which is effectively invisible to the immune system. Despite the important clinical consequences of this developmental pathway, the molecular basis of the switch mechanisms that control tissue cyst formation is still poorly understood. Significant changes in gene expression are associated with tissue cyst development, and ApiAP2...

    Dong-Pyo Hong, Joshua B. Radke, Michael W. White
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