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  • Home
  • Articles
    • Latest Articles
    • COVID-19 Research and News from ASM Journals
    • mSphere of Influence: Commentaries from Early Career Microbiologists
    • Archive
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antibodies

  • Open Access
    HIV Is Associated with Modified Humoral Immune Responses in the Setting of HIV/TB Coinfection
    Research Article | Host-Microbe Biology
    HIV Is Associated with Modified Humoral Immune Responses in the Setting of HIV/TB Coinfection

    TB is the leading cause of death from a single infectious agent globally, followed by HIV. Furthermore, TB represents the leading cause of death among people with HIV. HIV is known to cause severe defects in T cell immunity, rendering HIV/TB-coinfected individuals more susceptible to TB disease progression and complicating accurate TB disease diagnosis. Here, we demonstrate that HIV infection is additionally associated with severely...

    Esther van Woudenbergh, Edward B. Irvine, Leela Davies, Marwou de Kock, Willem A. Hanekom, Cheryl L. Day, Sarah Fortune, Galit Alter
  • Open Access
    mSphere of Influence: Going Native, or the Risk of Overreliance on Recombinant Antigens
    Commentary | Host-Microbe Biology
    mSphere of Influence: Going Native, or the Risk of Overreliance on Recombinant Antigens

    Mary Lopez-Perez works on immunology and pathogenesis of malaria. In this mSphere of Influence article, she reflects on how the paper “Functional antibodies against VAR2CSA in nonpregnant populations from Colombia exposed to Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax” by S. Gnidehou, J....

    Mary Lopez-Perez
  • Open Access
    mSphere of Influence: Predicting Immune Responses and Susceptibility to Influenza Virus—May the Data Be with You
    Commentary | Host-Microbe Biology
    mSphere of Influence: Predicting Immune Responses and Susceptibility to Influenza Virus—May the Data Be with You

    Irene Ramos works in the field of immunology to viral infections. In this mSphere of Influence article, she reflects on how “Global analyses of human immune variation reveal baseline predictors of postvaccination responses” by Tsang et al. (Cell 157:499–513, 2014, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2014.03.031) and “A crowdsourced analysis to identify ab initio molecular signatures...

    Irene Ramos
  • Open Access
    Potential of Chemically Synthesized Oligosaccharides To Define the Carbohydrate Moieties of the Fungal Cell Wall Responsible for the Human Immune Response, Using <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Aspergillus fumigatus</span> Galactomannan as a Model
    Opinion/Hypothesis | Host-Microbe Biology
    Potential of Chemically Synthesized Oligosaccharides To Define the Carbohydrate Moieties of the Fungal Cell Wall Responsible for the Human Immune Response, Using Aspergillus fumigatus Galactomannan as a Model

    Methodologies to identify epitopes or ligands of the fungal cell wall polysaccharides influencing the immune response of human pathogens have to date been imperfect. Using the galactomannan (GM) of Aspergillus fumigatus as a model, we have shown that synthetic oligosaccharides of distinct structures representing key fragments of cell wall polysaccharides are the most...

    Sarah Sze Wah Wong, Vadim B. Krylov, Dmitry A. Argunov, Alexander A. Karelin, Jean-Phillipe Bouchara, Thierry Fontaine, Jean-Paul Latgé, Nikolay E. Nifantiev
  • Open Access
    Maternal Humoral Immune Responses Do Not Predict Postnatal HIV-1 Transmission Risk in Antiretroviral-Treated Mothers from the IMPAACT PROMISE Study
    Research Article | Therapeutics and Prevention
    Maternal Humoral Immune Responses Do Not Predict Postnatal HIV-1 Transmission Risk in Antiretroviral-Treated Mothers from the IMPAACT PROMISE Study

    Each year, >150,000 infants become newly infected with HIV-1 through MTCT despite ART, with up to 42% of infections occurring during breastfeeding. Several factors contribute to continued pediatric infections, including ART nonadherence, the emergence of drug-resistant HIV strains, acute infection during breastfeeding, and poor access to ART in resource-limited areas. A better understanding of the maternal humoral immune responses...

    Eliza D. Hompe, Denise L. Jacobson, Joshua A. Eudailey, Kevin Butler, Whitney Edwards, Justin Pollara, Sean S. Brummel, Genevieve G. Fouda, Lameck Chinula, Melvin Kamanga, Aarti Kinikar, Dhayendre Moodley, Maxensia Owor, Mary Glenn Fowler, Sallie R. Permar
  • Open Access
    Looking for Needles in the Plasmodial Haystack
    Commentary | Host-Microbe Biology
    Looking for Needles in the Plasmodial Haystack

    Plasmodium falciparum malaria remains a globally leading infectious disease problem. Despite decades of intense investigation, an efficacious and practical vaccine offering durable protection to people living in areas with transmission of malaria parasites remains an elusive goal.

    Lars Hviid
  • Open Access
    A Novel <em>Shigella</em> Proteome Microarray Discriminates Targets of Human Antibody Reactivity following Oral Vaccination and Experimental Challenge
    Research Article | Host-Microbe Biology
    A Novel Shigella Proteome Microarray Discriminates Targets of Human Antibody Reactivity following Oral Vaccination and Experimental Challenge

    Each year, more than 180 million cases of severe diarrhea caused by Shigella occur globally. Those affected (mostly children in poor regions) experience long-term sequelae that severely impair quality of life. Without a licensed vaccine, the burden of disease represents a daunting challenge. An improved understanding of immune responses to Shigella is necessary to support ongoing efforts to identify a safe and...

    Esther Ndungo, Arlo Randall, Tracy H. Hazen, Dane A. Kania, Krista Trappl-Kimmons, Xiaowu Liang, Eileen M. Barry, Karen L. Kotloff, Subhra Chakraborty, Sachin Mani, David A. Rasko, Marcela F. Pasetti
  • Open Access
    Evaluation of Dried Blood Spots and Oral Fluids as Alternatives to Serum for Human Papillomavirus Antibody Surveillance
    Observation | Clinical Science and Epidemiology
    Evaluation of Dried Blood Spots and Oral Fluids as Alternatives to Serum for Human Papillomavirus Antibody Surveillance

    Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the causative agent of cervical and other anogenital cancers. HPV vaccination, primarily targeted at young girls before the age of sexual debut, is starting to demonstrate population-level declines in HPV infection and early disease associated with vaccine-incorporated genotypes. Monitoring young women for vaccine-specific antibody is important for vaccine surveillance and may be useful as an adjunct test...

    Karly S. Louie, Jama Dalel, Caroline Reuter, Sara L. Bissett, Michelle Kleeman, Lesley Ashdown-Barr, Rawinder Banwait, Anna Godi, Peter Sasieni, Simon Beddows
  • Open Access
    Novel Concepts for HIV Vaccine Vector Design
    Minireview | Host-Microbe Biology
    Novel Concepts for HIV Vaccine Vector Design

    The unprecedented challenges of developing effective vaccines against intracellular pathogens such as HIV, malaria, and tuberculosis have resulted in more rational approaches to vaccine development. Apart from the recent advances in the design and selection of improved epitopes and adjuvants, there are also ongoing efforts to optimize delivery platforms.

    Quazim A. Alayo, Nicholas M. Provine, Pablo Penaloza-MacMaster
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