Article Figures & Data
Figures
- FIG 1
Male and female WT and HVEM KO mice exhibit similar HSV-1 eye swab results and tissue titers after corneal inoculation. Eye swabs were collected at 1, 3, and 5 dpi, and periocular skin (POS), trigeminal ganglia (TG), and brain tissues were collected at 5 dpi. (A) Titers from eye swabs of male and female WT mice (n = 5 to 10 mice per group, 3 replicates). (B) Titers from tissues of male and female WT mice at 5 dpi (n = 4 to 5 mice per group, 3 replicates). (C and D) Titers from eye swabs of male and female HVEM KO mice (n = 5 to 10 mice per group, 3 replicates) (C) and from tissues of male and female HVEM KO mice (n = 3 to 5 mice per group, 2 replicates) (D). No difference was observed between the two sexes in each genotype. Titers calculated as means ± standard errors of the means (SEM) were analyzed using two-tailed t tests with Holm-Sidak's correction for multiple comparisons.
- FIG 2
Immune cells infiltrate male and female WT and HVEM KO corneas at similar levels during the acute (5-dpi) and chronic (14-dpi) phases of HSV-1 corneal infection. Data represent results of flow cytometry analysis of immune cell infiltrates in WT and HVEM KO corneas collected at 5 dpi (n = 8 to 10, two replicates) (A and B) and 14 dpi (C and D). (A and C) Absolute (Abs) number of myeloid infiltrates of dendritic cells (mDCs), macrophages (M), inflammatory macrophages (I-M), noninflammatory macrophages (NI-M), and polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) at 5 dpi (A) and at 14 dpi (C). (B and D) Absolute number of lymphoid infiltrates of CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells, NK T cells, or DN T cells per cornea pair at 5 dpi (B) and at 14 dpi (D) (n = 8 to 20 mice, 2 or 3 replicates). No NKT cells were detected in female HVEM KO corneal samples at 5 dpi. There was no significant difference between males and females of either genotype. The differences between the WT and HVEM KO data are consistent with our previous studies. Infiltrating cell percentages (calculated as means ± SEM) were analyzed using two-tailed t tests with Holm-Sidak's correction for multiple comparisons.
- FIG 3
Male and female mice exhibited similar clinical symptoms during the chronic inflammatory phase of HSV-1 corneal infection. Clinical symptoms were scored for each mouse and recorded each day from inoculation to the chronic inflammatory phase (days 0 to 14). Mice were scored on the severity and presence of lesions (A and B), neurological (Neuro.) disease (C and D), and eye disease (E), as well as on corneal sensitivity (F) and weight loss (not shown). (A) Maximum (Max.) lesion score within 14 dpi. (C) Maximum neurological disease score within 14 dpi. (E) Maximum eye disease score within 14 dpi. (B) Lesion score from 0 to 14 dpi. (D) Neurological disease score from 0 to 14 dpi. (F) Corneal sensitivity from 0 to 14 dpi. n = 5 mice per group, 2 replicates. No difference was observed between the sexes. Scores and sensitivity levels (calculated as means ± SEM) were analyzed using two-tailed t tests with Holm-Sidak's correction for multiple comparisons.
Tables
- TABLE 1
Clinical symptom scoring scale for HSK in mice
Score Description of score by type Lesion Neurological Eye 0 Lesion free Symptom free Symptom free 1 Small area of broken skin of <0.5 cm Ruffled fur, hunched posture, normal movement Pus around edge(s) 2 Area of broken skin of 0.5–1 cm Hunched posture, slow movement Pus and squint 3 Broken skin, bleeding, scabbing, or pustules Hunched posture, slow movement, labored breathing Closed 4 Broken skin of >1 cm with multiple pustules or scabbing Hunched, labored breathing, little to no movement Closed, scab formation 5 Severe scabbing or bleeding with pustules Moribund or dead Severe scabbing
