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  • Articles
    • Latest Articles
    • COVID-19 Research and News from ASM Journals
    • mSphere of Influence: Commentaries from Early Career Microbiologists
    • Archive
  • Topics
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Host-Microbe Biology

  • Open Access
    Specific Norovirus Interaction with Lewis x and Lewis a on Human Intestinal Inflammatory Mucosa during Refractory Inflammatory Bowel Disease
    Research Article | Host-Microbe Biology
    Specific Norovirus Interaction with Lewis x and Lewis a on Human Intestinal Inflammatory Mucosa during Refractory Inflammatory Bowel Disease

    Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), are progressive diseases affecting millions of people each year. Flare-ups during IBD result in severe mucosal alterations of the small intestine (in CD) and in the colon and rectum (in CD and UC).

    Georges Tarris, Alexis de Rougemont, Marie Estienney, Maeva Charkaoui, Thomas Mouillot, Bernard Bonnotte, Christophe Michiels, Laurent Martin, Gaël Belliot
  • Open Access
    Randomized Controlled Trial of Oral Vancomycin Treatment in <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Clostridioides difficile</span>-Colonized Patients
    Editor's Pick Research Article | Host-Microbe Biology
    Randomized Controlled Trial of Oral Vancomycin Treatment in Clostridioides difficile-Colonized Patients

    A gold standard diagnostic for Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) does not exist. An area of controversy is how to manage patients whose stool tests positive by nucleic acid amplification tests but negative by toxin enzyme immunoassay.

    Skye R. S. Fishbein, Tiffany Hink, Kimberly A. Reske, Candice Cass, Emily Struttmann, Zainab Hassan Iqbal, Sondra Seiler, Jennie H. Kwon, Carey-Ann D. Burnham, Gautam Dantas, Erik R. Dubberke
  • Open Access
    Small RNAs Are Implicated in Regulation of Gene and Transposable Element Expression in the Protist <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Trichomonas vaginalis</span>
    Research Article | Host-Microbe Biology
    Small RNAs Are Implicated in Regulation of Gene and Transposable Element Expression in the Protist Trichomonas vaginalis

    Trichomoniasis, caused by the protozoan Trichomonas vaginalis, is the most common nonviral sexually transmitted infection in humans. The millions of cases each year have sequelae that may include complications during pregnancy and increased risk of HIV infection.

    Sally D. Warring, Frances Blow, Grace Avecilla, Jordan C. Orosco, Steven A. Sullivan, Jane M. Carlton
  • Open Access
    Structure-Guided Design of a Synthetic Mimic of an Endothelial Protein C Receptor-Binding PfEMP1 Protein
    Research Article | Host-Microbe Biology
    Structure-Guided Design of a Synthetic Mimic of an Endothelial Protein C Receptor-Binding PfEMP1 Protein

    Vaccines train our immune systems to generate antibodies which recognize pathogens. Some of these antibodies are highly protective, preventing infection, while others are ineffective.

    Natalie M. Barber, Clinton K. Y. Lau, Louise Turner, Gareth Watson, Susan Thrane, John P. A. Lusingu, Thomas Lavstsen, Matthew K. Higgins
  • Open Access
    Analysis of Apoptosis-Related Genes Reveals that Apoptosis Functions in Conidiation and Pathogenesis of <em>Fusarium pseudograminearum</em>
    Research Article | Host-Microbe Biology
    Analysis of Apoptosis-Related Genes Reveals that Apoptosis Functions in Conidiation and Pathogenesis of Fusarium pseudograminearum

    The plant-pathogenic fungus F. pseudograminearum is the causal agent of Fusarium crown rot (FCR) in wheat and barley, resulting in substantial yield losses worldwide. Particularly, in the Huanghuai wheat-growing region of China, F. pseudograminearum was reported as the dominant Fusarium species in FCR infections.

    Linlin Chen, Yuming Ma, Mengya Peng, Wenbo Chen, Huiqing Xia, Jingya Zhao, Yake Zhang, Zhuo Fan, Xiaoping Xing, Honglian Li
  • Open Access
    mSphere of Influence: the Complexity of Interferon Gamma-Mediated Pathogen Control
    Commentary | Host-Microbe Biology
    mSphere of Influence: the Complexity of Interferon Gamma-Mediated Pathogen Control

    Bryan D. Bryson works in the field of biological engineering with a specific interest in host-mycobacterium interactions.

    Bryan D. Bryson
  • Open Access
    Novel Immune Modulators Enhance <em>Caenorhabditis elegans</em> Resistance to Multiple Pathogens
    Research Article | Host-Microbe Biology
    Novel Immune Modulators Enhance Caenorhabditis elegans Resistance to Multiple Pathogens

    Trends moving in opposite directions (increasing antimicrobial resistance and declining novel antimicrobial development) have precipitated a looming crisis: a nearly complete inability to safely and effectively treat bacterial infections. To avert this, new approaches are needed.

    Nicholas A. Hummell, Alexey V. Revtovich, Natalia V. Kirienko
  • Open Access
    Human Cytomegalovirus UL7, miR-US5-1, and miR-UL112-3p Inactivation of FOXO3a Protects CD34<sup>+</sup> Hematopoietic Progenitor Cells from Apoptosis
    Research Article | Host-Microbe Biology
    Human Cytomegalovirus UL7, miR-US5-1, and miR-UL112-3p Inactivation of FOXO3a Protects CD34+ Hematopoietic Progenitor Cells from Apoptosis

    Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) causes serious disease in immunocompromised individuals and is a significant problem during transplantation. The virus can establish a latent infection in CD34+ hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPCs) and periodically reactivate to cause disease in the absence of an intact immune system.

    Meaghan H. Hancock, Lindsey B. Crawford, Wilma Perez, Hillary M. Struthers, Jennifer Mitchell, Patrizia Caposio
  • Open Access
    Disentangling the Relative Roles of Vertical Transmission, Subsequent Colonizations, and Diet on Cockroach Microbiome Assembly
    Research Article | Host-Microbe Biology
    Disentangling the Relative Roles of Vertical Transmission, Subsequent Colonizations, and Diet on Cockroach Microbiome Assembly

    When host fitness is dependent on gut microbiota, microbial community flexibility and reproducibility enhance host fitness by allowing fine-tuned environmental tracking and sufficient stability for host traits to evolve. Our findings lend support to the importance of vertically transmitted early-life microbiota as stabilizers through interactions with potential colonizers that may contribute to ensuring that the microbiota aligns within...

    Justinn Renelies-Hamilton, Kristjan Germer, David Sillam-Dussès, Kasun H. Bodawatta, Michael Poulsen
  • Open Access
    Identification of Nasal Gammaproteobacteria with Potent Activity against <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Staphylococcus aureus</span>: Novel Insights into the “Noncarrier” State
    Research Article | Host-Microbe Biology
    Identification of Nasal Gammaproteobacteria with Potent Activity against Staphylococcus aureus: Novel Insights into the “Noncarrier” State

    Nasal carriage of Staphylococcus aureus is a risk factor for infection, but it is not yet understood why some individuals carry nasal S. aureus persistently, intermittently, or seemingly not at all when tested via culture methods. This study compared the nasal microbiomes of established...

    Amy L. Cole, Meera Sundar, Ana Lopez, Anna Forsman, Shibu Yooseph, Alexander M. Cole

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